| Acne (acne vulgaris) is a dermatologic condition
characterized by lesions that most often appear on the face and
neck, but also develop on the chest, back, shoulders and upper
arms.
Approximately 80 percent to 95 percent of adolescents develop
some degree of acne, but its prevalence declines over subsequent
years until middle age, when it still affects about 12 percent
of women and 3 percent of men (Cordain L et al 2002; Rossen MH
et al 1993).
Acne can be a significant source of misery, and it is
difficult to treat. A galaxy of over-the-counter (OTC)
medications and washes are sold and marketed for acne (many with
harmful chemicals), along with strong prescription medications. |
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| Acne is characterized by pimples, cysts and
abscesses. It occurs when the pores in the skin are blocked,
trapping oil, dead skin and bacteria in the hair follicles.
Under normal circumstances, glands (called sebaceous glands)
attached to hair follicles secrete an oily substance known as
sebum.
This sebum typically travels up the hair follicle and onto
the skin. However, if the hair follicle is blocked, the sebum
can’t get out, sometimes causing the formation of a blackhead.
This is the result of the blocked oil oxidizing, causing
inflammation and an influx of white blood cells.
Meanwhile, normally present bacteria (Propionibacterium
acnes) begin to break down the trapped sebum within the hair
follicle. This results in further inflammation, as white blood
cells attack the bacteria. Pus forms as the lesion enters the
whitehead stage.
In more severe stages of
Acne, an abscess—a pus-filled pocket within
the skin—may form. Although most pimples.... |
